kubernetes安装dashboard教程
前提：
kubernetes集群安装完毕
安装：
1.到github获取配置文件
github下面给出方法说使用下面的直接执行就可以了，但是最近不知道为何找不到地址。
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.4.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml 1
上面很明显给出了地址aio/deploy/recommended.yaml 所以我们可以找到配置文件：https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/tree/master/aio/deploy
2.把文件下载到本地，重命名为：recommended-2.4.0.yaml
文件内容如下：
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- kind: Service apiVersion: v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard spec: ports: - port: 443 targetPort: 8443 selector: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs namespace: kubernetes-dashboard type: Opaque --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf namespace: kubernetes-dashboard type: Opaque data: csrf: "" --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder namespace: kubernetes-dashboard type: Opaque --- kind: ConfigMap apiVersion: v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- kind: Role apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard rules: # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets. - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["secrets"] resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"] verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"] # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map. - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["configmaps"] resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"] verbs: ["get", "update"] # Allow Dashboard to get metrics. - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["services"] resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"] verbs: ["proxy"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["services/proxy"] resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"] verbs: ["get"] --- kind: ClusterRole apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard rules: # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"] resources: ["pods", "nodes"] verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"] --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: RoleBinding metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Role name: kubernetes-dashboard subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: kubernetes-dashboard roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: kubernetes-dashboard subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- kind: Deployment apiVersion: apps/v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kubernetes-dashboard spec: replicas: 1 revisionHistoryLimit: 10 selector: matchLabels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard template: metadata: labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard spec: containers: - name: kubernetes-dashboard image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.4.0 imagePullPolicy: Always ports: - containerPort: 8443 protocol: TCP args: - --auto-generate-certificates - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work. # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port volumeMounts: - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs mountPath: /certs # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs - mountPath: /tmp name: tmp-volume livenessProbe: httpGet: scheme: HTTPS path: / port: 8443 initialDelaySeconds: 30 timeoutSeconds: 30 securityContext: allowPrivilegeEscalation: false readOnlyRootFilesystem: true runAsUser: 1001 runAsGroup: 2001 volumes: - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs secret: secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs - name: tmp-volume emptyDir: {} serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard nodeSelector: "kubernetes.io/os": linux # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master tolerations: - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master effect: NoSchedule --- kind: Service apiVersion: v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper name: dashboard-metrics-scraper namespace: kubernetes-dashboard spec: ports: - port: 8000 targetPort: 8000 selector: k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper --- kind: Deployment apiVersion: apps/v1 metadata: labels: k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper name: dashboard-metrics-scraper namespace: kubernetes-dashboard spec: replicas: 1 revisionHistoryLimit: 10 selector: matchLabels: k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper template: metadata: labels: k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper spec: securityContext: seccompProfile: type: RuntimeDefault containers: - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.7 ports: - containerPort: 8000 protocol: TCP livenessProbe: httpGet: scheme: HTTP path: / port: 8000 initialDelaySeconds: 30 timeoutSeconds: 30 volumeMounts: - mountPath: /tmp name: tmp-volume securityContext: allowPrivilegeEscalation: false readOnlyRootFilesystem: true runAsUser: 1001 runAsGroup: 2001 serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard nodeSelector: "kubernetes.io/os": linux # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master tolerations: - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master effect: NoSchedule volumes: - name: tmp-volume emptyDir: {}
3.部署：
[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl apply -f recommended-2.4.0.yaml namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created service/kubernetes-dashboard created secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
4.暴露svc端口
找到dashboard的SVC，发现是ClusterIP类型的，因为我想在宿主机访问，所以要暴露端口
[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.100.22.138 <none> 8000/TCP 7s kubernetes-dashboard ClusterIP 10.107.237.41 <none> 443/TCP 7s
暴露端口： 修改svc为NodePort类型：
[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl patch svc kubernetes-dashboard -p '{"spec":{"type":"NodePort"}}' -n kubernetes-dashboard service/kubernetes-dashboard patched
找到暴露端口为：32375（注意是https）
[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.100.22.138 <none> 8000/TCP 65s kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.107.237.41 <none> 443:32375/TCP 65s
这样在我们宿主机浏览器就能访问： https://192.168.217.185:32375/ 显示不安全，在当前页面用键盘输入 thisisunsafe ，不是在地址栏输入，就直接敲键盘就行了，之后为登录页面。
登录之后需要人认证，认证有两种方式Kubeconfig模式和Token模式： 我使用的token模式：
5.创建token
我是基于最高权限admin创建的，配置文件admin-role.yaml内容如下：
kind: ClusterRoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: admin annotations: rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true" roleRef: kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: admin namespace: kube-system --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: admin namespace: kube-system labels: kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true" addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
创建secret：
[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl create -f admin-role.yaml clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/admin created serviceaccount/admin created
找到secret：
[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl -n kube-system get secret|grep admin-token admin-token-wh27j kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 19s
获取token：
[root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl -n kube-system get secret|grep admin-token admin-token-wh27j kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 19s [root@k8s-master hl]# kubectl -n kube-system describe secret admin-token-wh27j Name: admin-token-wh27j Namespace: kube-system Labels: <none> Annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 9094d849-7098-4e24-9612-e490184e6bfc Type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token Data ==== token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IkF2YUJiYmNNTWNvMFFzSk9fQlVPd3pwR0l1aXdMWDZMR2Q2aHF5SG5TTG8ifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi10b2tlbi13aDI3aiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjkwOTRkODQ5LTcwOTgtNGUyNC05NjEyLWU0OTAxODRlNmJmYyIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDprdWJlLXN5c3RlbTphZG1pbiJ9.thmFGeLLLn3XnqyvR9_wORi1MVKEUN-j223zAZj_c7FC7G1U6PbTxhWukMtbgumL8AHpNT11Jidz0PpoWOpycM2xzShEm0YiHlbIW-ZXkqIGbgxuZfU-2ZefHgmXT42LOuvPNEmX6MGjmZlpJKTE4oKf46lq1mf__fsNxAIWFBHE58f041DLX-lnLcZgmcxMvnZiOb1TJE6ruS7MUNA8YKdW2rWJYHniFX1WCam4Z-drZXDhPywlrYMtUxQsFTljIMsvL9TZbOUS3nLshr7Q_aeBMN_J_P_74n4l9KL8c0TilYp11JYPtIUXNkccUGB6n-ZbAD7bF1tgZFwD7nhwbQ ca.crt: 1066 bytes namespace: 11 bytes
或者直接获取token
[root@master token]# kubectl -n kube-system get secret admin-token-ftkl9 -o jsonpath={.data.token}|base64 -d
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IkFPY0FvODhsbVU5SUxDQmN4RUF3eUdfbWE2LW1Fc09EY3BMekEzUDg2N2sifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi10b2tlbi1mdGtsOSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjlhMjQ3YjFkLWY5ZDktNGQ0NS04MTNlLTJhNjQ0OGM3YTI3OSIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDprdWJlLXN5c3RlbTphZG1pbiJ9.eI2iqcL_LMLXDTbKhPzn2fiiNIaRavzB8-fOrU_xFOFpmUbrUw98HXogMBdmVIWbJ3z83KUvVC_-oANHALUC-QpCqjOBGFmQSYIRPAJ_Fwq9qK80Yqc3SkXjbXAchlgBeIF-pUrr8eoemvNTPyJgxj8uA4ewHI2StcWIFpvLmxNzFB7xVc1_ta9nQ7BfIVzjYB9m8qVqO4gB8SNKXHVUa8bHykDy6Y4WygZ8fdbaoC8-9Yb04ukAuHlj4Hif7gB2CLLVQ97AbL6ygMMUUja-0zM-PgyUUaV4PEh_Kd1p_ophzbCHL-8QivB6edwSiMgbFgH60LnqMf5IJYuQK3gYUw
12
将token填写到登录界面的token中： 
然后我们就能访问了：
